how clinicians can validate scientific contents?

How scientific models can explain

Scientific models invariably involve some degree of idealization, abstraction, or fictionalization of their target system. Nonetheless, I argue that there are circumstances under which such false models can offer genuine scientific explanations. After reviewing three different proposals in the literature for how models can explain, I shall introduce a more general account of what I call model e...

How can I validate a nomogram? Show me the model.

therapies approved; capecitabine plus lapatinib is an option [4, 5]. With regard to trastuzumab, its activity in the CNS has always been considered very poor, because of difficulty of penetration and insufficient activation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in the brain. We report the case of a 63-year-old woman with HER2-positive brain metastases who experienced long-term remi...

Scientific Studies that Validate Massage

Training injuries--how clinicians can help commanders avoid them.

The aim of this paper is to reflect on the proceedings of three training injuries symposia run by the British Army's training organization from 2001 to 2003. The essence of the presentations are reproduced, highlighting the role of medical staff in advising commanders on how injuries might be prevented. The importance of placing the emphasis on prevention rather than rehabilitation as a means o...

\And" Can You Validate It?

We advocate changing a language if that language cannot support validation. To this end, we are exploring the computational cost of basic language constructs within our abductive validation framework. Conjunction is found to decrease the computational cost of validation for theories 5 that are not used for time-based simulation purposes. However, in the case of time-based simulations, the use o...

How to validate environmental indicators

Different types of environmental indicators have been developed to meet the increasing need of assessment instruments of environmental impacts. As any tool developed by research, indicators must be elaborated according to a scientific approach. One of the important steps of this elaboration is the validation. The overall objective of this paper is to present a methodological framework to valida...